考研英语阅读真题及答案

考研英语阅读真题及答案

英语历年考试真题是必备的资料，真题是一个标准，做真题可以把握试题难度，出题角度，了解命题重点。下面是小编给大家准备的考研的英语阅读真题及答案，一起来练习一下吧!

第一篇：

In 1960-1961, Chad (乍得) harvested 9800 tons of cotton seed for the first time in its history, and put out the flag a little too soon. The efforts of the authorities to get the peasants back to work, as they had slacked off (松懈) a great deal the previous year during independence celebrations, largely contributed to it. Also, rains were well spaced, and continued through the whole month of October. If the 1961-1962 total is back to the region of 45000 tons, it is mostly because efforts slackened again and sowing was started too late.

The average date of sowing is about July 1st. If this date is simply moved up fifteen or twenty days, 30000 to 60000 tons of cotton are gained, depending on the year. The peasant in Chad sows his millet (小米) first, and it is hard to criticize this instinctive priority given to his daily bread. An essential reason for his lateness with sowing cotton is that at the time when he should leave to prepare the fields he has just barely sold the cotton of the previous season. The work required to sow, in great heat, is psychologically far more difficult if one s pockets are full of money. The date of cotton sales should therefore be moved forward as much as possible, and purchases of equipment and draught animals encouraged.

Peasants should also be encouraged to save money, to help them through the difficult period between harvests. If necessary they should be forced to do so, by having the payments for cotton given to them in installments (分期付款). The last payment would be made after proof that the peasant has planted before the deadline, the date being advanced to the end of June. Those who have done so would receive extra money whereas the last planters would not receive their last payment until later.

Only the first steps are hard, because once work has started the peasants continue willingly on their way. Educational campaigns among the peasants will play an essential role in this basic advance, early sowing, on which all the others depend. It is not a matter of controlling the peasants. Each peasant will remain master of his fields. One could, however, suggest the need for the time being of kind but firm rule, which, as long as it cannot be realized by the people, should at least be for the people.

21. In 1960-1961, Chad had a good harvest of cotton because .

A) the government greatly encouraged peasants

B) rains favored the growth of cotton

C) Chad gained independence in the previous year

D) Both A)and B)

22. We learn from the passage that the date of sowing cotton is usually .

A) on June 15th

B) on July 15th

C) on July 1st

D) on July 20th

23. As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph,daily breadrefers to .

A) breakfast

B)bread and butter

C)rice

D)millet

24. In order to help them through the difficult time between harvests the peasants have to .

A) sell cotton in advance

B) be encouraged to save money

C) sow cotton in time

D) plant millet first

25. Which of the following is NOT true?

A) Educational campaigns are very important to early sowing.

B) Of all the advances that the writer hopes for, early sowing is the most important.

C) Peasants should remain the masters of their fields.

D) Government might as well make good and firm rule for peasants.

第二篇：

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And Paul-why didn t pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car? When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it s too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends-or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, You re a lucky dog. That s being friendly. But lucky dog? There s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn t see it himself. But bringing in the dog bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn t think you deserve your luck.

Just think of all the things you have to be thankful foris another noise that says one(dps是什么意思？dps在游戏中是指一次战斗从开始到结束，伤害总量/战斗时间，简单的说就是一次战斗中，你攻击起来的每秒伤害。) thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn t important. It s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven t got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture(姿态)? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.

26. This passage is mainly about .

A)how to interpret what people say

B)what to do when you listen to others talking

C)how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people

D)Why we go wrong with people sometimes

27. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .

A)We fail to listen carefully when they talk

B) People tend to be annoyed when we check what they say

C)People usually state one thing but means another

D)We tend to doubt what our friends say

28. In the sentence Maybe he doesn t see it himself. in the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to.

A) being friendly

C) lucky dog

B) a bit of envy

D) your luck

29. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .

A)notice the way the person is talking

B)take a good look at the person talking

C)mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyes

D)examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture

30. The author most probably is a .

A) teacher

C) philosopher

B) psychologist

D) doctor

参考答案 第一篇：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B

第二篇：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B

For the past severalyears, the Sunday newspaper supplement Paradehas featured a column called Ask Marilyn. People are invited to query Marilynvos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 - the highest score ever recorded. IQtests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper afterit has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among othersimilar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queriesfrom the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What s the difference between loveand fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? ①It snot obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numericalpatterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poetsand philosophers.

Clearly, intelligenceencompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart?How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about itfrom neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?

The defining term ofintelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests arenot given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms:the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales(both come in adult and children s version). Generally costing several hundreddollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations ofthem populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. ②Superhigh scores like vos Savant s are nolonger possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical populationdistribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by thechronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests,such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam(GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

Such standardized testsmay not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and inlife, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article How Intelligent IsIntelligence Testing? , ③Sternberg notes that traditionaltest best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativityand practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and lifesuccess. Moreover, IQ test do not necessarilypredict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found thatIQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stressconditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated withleadership - that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled throughSAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it s knowing whento guess or what questions to skip.

1. Which of the following may be required in anintelligent test?

[A] Answeringphilosophical questions.

[B] Foldingor cutting paper into different shapes.

[C] Tellingthe difference between certain concepts.（D）

[D] Choosingwords or graphs similar to the given ones.

2. What can be inferred about intelligence testingfrom Paragraph 3?

[A] People nolonger use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.

[B] Moreversions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.

[C] The testcontents and formats for adults and children may be different.（C）

[D]Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.

3. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scoresas high as vos Savant s because

[A] thescores are obtained through different computational procedures.

[B]creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.

[C] vosSavant s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.（A）

[D] thedefining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.

4. We can conclude from the last paragraph that

[A] testscores may not be reliable indicators of one s ability.

[B] IQ scoresand SAT results are highly correlated.

[C] testinginvolves a lot of guesswork.（A）

[D]traditional test are out of date.

5. What is the author s attitude towards IQ test?

[A]Supportive.

[B]Skeptical.

[C]Impartial.（B）

[D] Biased.

The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems， and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week： “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”

Ever since the war， the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success： Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university， a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south， and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.

The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north， however. With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.

The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.

1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to

[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.

[B] slow down the rate of its development.

[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.

[D] develop more quickly than at present.

2.The Norwegian Government has tried to

[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.

[B] prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.

[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.

[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.

3.According to the passage， the oil industry might lead northern Norway to

[A] the development of industry.

[B] a growth in population.

[C] the failure of the development programme.

[D] the development of new towns.

4.In the south， one effect to the development of the oil industry might be

[A] a large reduction on unemployment.

[B] a growth in the tourist industry.

[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.

[D] the development of a number of service industries.

5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because

[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.

[B] their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.

[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.

[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.

Vocabulary

1.Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人

2.coastline 海岸线

3.recognition 承认;认识;赞赏

4.countryside 乡下;乡民

难句译注

1.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.

【结构简析】用两个分号连接三句句子。

【参考译文】一条新的法律限制人们仅在长长的海岸线南端以南地区进行勘探考察;规定了石油生产限量(虽然已提高);石油公司雇佣外国工人不许超出限定额。

2.With nearly 100 percent employment， everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.

【参考译文】由于将近百分之一百就业率，每个人都能看出形式发展中服务行业和旅游行业的大部分工人会跑到石油工业方面去。

3.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population， but they are an important part of it， because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.

【结构简析】复合句。在because状语从句中that是定语从句修饰qualities.

【参考译文】虽然农民和渔民并不占人口的绝大多数，可是他们都是人口的重要组成不分，因为挪威人在他们身上看到许多他们自豪地认为是挪威人的基本品质。

写作方法与文章大意

文章论述“挪威政府意欲控制石油工业”。采用对比写法。先提出政府新政策的`种种限制。但石油工业有办法对付。人们都认为限制难以长久。其次讲述，从战时起，挪威政府一直执行开发北极圈北部地区的发展规划，也取得成功。但石油工业已经开始向南方进军，北方政策可能会失败。石油工业之影响超出北方，有些企业缩小，减少。最后一段是讲争论的焦点：石油对挪威生活方式构成了威胁，具体表现在对挪威理想的代表――渔民和农民的威胁。

答案详解

1.B 减慢发展速率。文章开始就阐明挪威政府正竭尽全力把石油工业控制起来，制定新法律来限制勘探开采，限制产量，限制雇佣外国工人人数。

A. 为外国工人提供更多的工作。C.卖掉正在国外生产的石油。D.比现在发展更快。

2.D 使石油工业保持在接近现在的规模。

A. 鼓励石油公司去发现新石油资源。B.制止石油公司雇佣来自挪威北方的人。C.帮助石油公司解决许多问题。

3.C 发展规划的失败。这在第二段最后一句：“可是石油工业已经开始把人们吸引到南方去，所以不出几年，整个北方政策可能成泡影。”

A.工业发展。B.人口增长。D.新城市的发展。文内没有涉及。

4.C 现存工业数的减少。第三段开始“可是石油工业的影响并不仅仅限于北方。近百分之一百的就业率，使每个人都见到发展的势头，服务业和旅游业的好多工人转向石油工业。某些较小的工业，在从国外购进货物更便宜的情况下，很可能会全部消失。”这说明工业数减少。

A.大大减少失业。B.旅游行业增长。D.许多服务公司发展。文内没有提。

5.B 他们的生活和价值代表了挪威人的理想。

A.他们组成了那么大一部分挪威理想。C.他们的工作对挪威社会的其他方面非常有用。D.他们认为石油是对挪威生活方式的威胁。最后一段第一句话：“对石油真正的争论点是它对挪威生活方式的一种威胁。”并不是他们认为威胁。

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